Manufacturing technology is a way of manufacturing products and converting or processing the properties of resources in the process of industrial production.
A manufacturing enterprise can produce the same quantity of goods using different production technologies, using less expensive, innovative technologies, manufacturers can produce higher-quality goods in large volumes, thereby gaining strategic competitive advantages over other market participants and contributing to the long-term and dynamic development of the company.
The effectiveness of the implementation of industrial technologies in the framework of an investment project largely depends on the correctly chosen technology and the organization of production. Many industrial production technologies have already been successfully implemented and tested by leading world-class manufacturing companies. Thus, it is not necessary to reinvent production technologies, it is enough to purchase ready-made technology and introduce already tried technologies into your own production processes.
This approach reduces the likelihood of risks of waste of investment funds and makes it possible to make an investment project more planned, based on preliminary data and the experience of already proven production technologies. New production technologies are created as a result of development for a specific technical task, and can also be purchased with equipment purchased from leading engineering and engineering companies with a worldwide reputation.
The total volume of investments in the acquisition of technologies and their development in production is on average from 2 to 7% of the gross national product worldwide. The organization of industrial production is the creation of conditions for meeting the requirements and rules of technology. The basis of the organization of production is a rational combination of production processes and cost minimization.
Specialization of production processes consists in securing the production of certain products to individual enterprises, workshops, sites and workplaces. Accordingly, these divisions of enterprises are equipped with the necessary capacities, resources and equipment, which contributes to the growth of productivity and efficiency of industrial production due to specialization.
Failure to comply with this principle may lead to an out-of-proportion division of workloads into separate divisions of an industrial enterprise. The principle of specialization of production processes is carried out with simultaneous planning of individual parts of production capacities, resources and equipment of industrial enterprises.
The production process plan can be presented in the form of separate provisions and must contain the following information:
The methods of industrial production of goods and the associated organization of production processes determine the basing of resources, capacities and equipment of a manufacturing enterprise.
Thus, each modernization project should include a comparative description of the main technical and economic indicators. Such a characteristic should contain a step-by-step description of production processes and an action plan for the use of resources and equipment in production processes.
In each specific production process, the volume and timing of production are determined, for this purpose the amount of necessary resources and capacities, as well as the loss of material resources and the costs of their processing are found out. Thus, specific production processes and technologies need to be analyzed from the point of view of overall production efficiency and to look for the possibility of reducing production costs at each specific production site.
It is also necessary to develop, master and introduce new alternative technologies that will allow, on the basis of the same raw materials and material resources, to produce the necessary products in the required volumes and at the same time spend less resources and capacity.
It should be noted that currently the main technology companies with a worldwide reputation are dealing with competition in innovations and the speed of their introduction into production processes. Innovation processes serve as the main offensive tool in the processes of developing new markets.
Innovative technology must be analyzed from the point of view of the cost of its development (or acquisition) and its introduction into the production processes of the enterprise. In terms of modernization of production, all options for possible technological transformations can be presented, taking into account their efficiency and cost. Preference should be given to the technology, the advantages of which will be justified by the analysis of the modernization plan of production processes and capacities.
The choice of innovative solutions should be accompanied by an analysis of information sources. For example, the involvement of individual specialists and developers to conduct an independent and objective assessment of the effectiveness of innovation. One of the possible ways to obtain information about current technologies and developments in the relevant areas of production and industry is the acquisition of technologies, patents and technical knowledge. It is also possible to produce and use scientific and technical knowledge under a developer license.
Indicators and criteria for evaluating technologies are established and evaluated by specialists in the modernization and optimization of industrial production and production processes and the technical management of the manufacturing enterprise.
As a rule, the acquired production technology must be analyzed according to individual parameters, which include design and design documentation, the possibility of rapid adaptation of the technology to new production conditions and the terms of supply of production equipment. All these criteria for evaluating production technologies should be reflected in the modernization plan.
Successful mastering of production technology requires certain professional knowledge and skills of personnel, therefore it is important to plan in advance the development and training of employees of the enterprise in the relevant areas of the company's activities.
The modernization plan should consist of the following indicators:
Planning of the production program of an industrial enterprise begins with determining the volume of production required and setting production deadlines.
The production program of an industrial enterprise is a task for the production and sale of goods that meet generally accepted quality standards based on market demand and the capabilities of the enterprise. The production program is usually compiled for a year, broken down by quarters and months.
The production program is the basis for the following plans:
The production program of the enterprise sets tasks and goals for the introduction of new production facilities, the need for raw materials and the number of workers. The production program is closely related to the financial plans of the enterprise.
Each industrial enterprise forms its own production program based on the specifics of its production processes, the study of the consumer demand market, the availability of orders for the supply of products and state market regulations.
The production program of the enterprise usually consists of three parts:
Natural Expression - The production plan of goods in kind, in this part of the plan, the quantity of products in units, for example meters or tons, is set.
Value Expression - The production plan of goods in value terms, evaluates the goods produced in gross, commodity and net units of production.
General Expression - The production plan of goods in general terms reflects the workload of the enterprise, based on the concluded contracts for the supply of the company's products.
The initial data for the operationalization of the maximum possible production of goods per year are the average annual indicators of the workload of production equipment. For the successful and dynamic development of the company, it is not enough to find out and focus on capacity utilization, ideally you need to focus on the needs of the market and build the company's production processes so as to meet the needs of the market.
Usually, the saturation of market needs requires the introduction of additional capacities due to technical modernization, optimization or expansion of production.
The development of the production program consists of several parts:
Economic justification of the production plan:
The adopted plan is specified for all departments of the enterprise:
Production plans serve as the basis for calculating production movement standards in each of the individual workshops. Goals and standards are formed on the basis of the company's production planning for individual workshops and divisions of the company.
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